Hello and thank you for visiting my page. I am a PhD candidate in Applied Economics at Cornell University. I am on the 2023-2024 job market. My research interests are in the intersection of development, labor, and environmental economics. My current research examines the inter-relationship between environmental changes, agriculture, human capital formation and labor markets in developing countries, as well as their implications for socio-economic inequality. Here is my CV. Please feel free to contact me via email at tp347[at]cornell[dot]edu. | |
Job Market Paper | |
2023 | Climate Change and Intersectoral Labor Reallocation in a Developing Country |
Winner of Weiss Distinguished Paper Award (NEUDC 2023, Harvard Kennedy School) | |
Presentations: NEUDC, LSE Environment Week, Harvard Climate Economics Pipeline Workshop, MWIEDC, AAEA | |
I present a simple model to reconcile different findings in the prior climate-employment literature, incorporating roles for trade openness and intersectoral switching costs. Using Vietnamese data, I provide new evidence consistent with the model’s predictions. In most places, heat induces an outflow of workers from agriculture to non-agriculture in both the short and long terms. While all workers are equally likely to take an informal non-agricultural job, younger individuals incur lower costs and comprise most of those moving into formal non-agriculture. In places less integrated into global markets, the reallocation runs in the opposite direction due to general equilibrium effects. |
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Peer-Reviewed Publications | |
2023 | Structural Transformation, Agriculture, Climate, and the Environment |
Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Vol. 17, No. 2: 195-216 | |
with Christopher B. Barrett and Ariel Ortiz-Bobea | |
This paper reviews the feedbacks between structural transformation and agriculture, on the one hand, and climate and the natural environment, on the other. The longstanding, dominant economic development narrative largely ignores nature’s influence on factor productivity and stocks, even as it increasingly illustrates how agricultural technological change and economic growth affect nature. We articulate some of the missing linkages and pose a range of policy research questions worth exploration concerning structural transformation and the complex feedback among agriculture, nature, and economic growth processes, especially in the low-income agrarian nations of the Global South. |
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2022 | The Child Education and Health Ethnic Inequality Consequences of Climate Shocks in Vietnam |
Economics of Education Review, Vol. 90: 102311 | |
This paper provides a new explanation for ethnic disparities in education and health in Vietnam by studying the relationship between frequent, small-scale adverse rainfall shocks and child human capital. Exploiting plausibly random year-to-year variation in weather data that are linked to a longitudinal household- and individual-level dataset over the period 2008–2017, I find that excess rainfall during the annual typhoon season results in lower child subjective health status and school enrollment, with disproportionate effects on children of ethnic minorities. The negative lagged effects on education are concentrated in children at primary school start age, suggesting delaying children’s school entry is a shock–coping strategy for poor ethnic minority households, albeit with potentially big negative long-run effect on their child lifetime earnings. Estimates suggest that rainfall shocks can explain approximately 28% of the observed ethnic gap in enrollment rates of children age 16–18 in the sample during the study period, and most is due to heterogeneous effects of rainfall shocks among ethnic groups, not differences in exposure to rainfall shocks. |
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2020 | The Intertemporal Evolution of Agriculture and Labor over a Rapid Structural Transformation: Lessons from Vietnam |
Food Policy, Vol. 94: 101913 | |
with Yanyan Liu, Christopher B. Barrett and William Violette | |
We combine nationally representative household and labor force survey data from 1992 to 2016 to provide a detailed description of rural labor market evolution and how it relates to the structural transformation of rural Vietnam, especially within the agricultural sector. Our study adds to the emerging literature on structural transformation in low-income countries using micro-level data and helps to answer several policy-related questions. We find limited employment creation potential of agriculture, especially for youth. Rural-urban real wage convergence has gone hand-in-hand with increased diversification of the rural economy into the non-farm sector nationwide and rapid advances in educational attainment in all sectors’ and regions’ workforce. Minimum wage laws seem to have played no significant role in increasing agricultural wages. This enhanced integration also manifests in steady attenuation of the longstanding inverse farm size-yield relationship. Farming has remained securely household-based and the family farmland distribution has remained largely unchanged. Small farm sizes have not obstructed mechanization nor the uptake of labor-saving pesticides, consistent with factor substitution induced by rising real wage rates. As rural households rely more heavily on the labor market, human capital accumulation (rather than land endowments) have become the key correlate of improvements in rural household well-being. |
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Work-in-Progress | |
2023 | Heat and Agricultural Transformation |
Career Mentoring and Educational Choices: Experimental Evidence from Bhutan | |
with Ryotaro Hayashi, Hyuncheol Bryant Kim, and Norihiko Matsuda | |
Meta-analytic Review of Climate and Pollution Impacts on Human Capital | |
with Patrick Behrer, Teevrat Garg, Alaka Holla, Adriana Molina, and Trevor Dean Arnold | |
Teaching at Cornell University | |
Fall 2021/2023 | Teaching Assistant, Applied Econometrics (MSc) |
Summer 2022 | Instructor, Math Camp for incoming Dyson School MSc Students |
Spring 2021/2022 | Teaching Assistant, Economics of Developing Countries (Undergraduate) |
Fall 2020 | Teaching Assistant, Research and Methods (MPS) |
Spring 2020 | Teaching Assistant, Risk Simulation and Monte Carlo Methods (Undergraduate/MSc/MPS) |
Fall 2019 | Teaching Assistant, Introduction to Economics of Development (Undergraduate) |